chloroamphenicol 

CAS NO: ******7 

EC NO: ********4 

Assay: *9%

FORMULA C*1H*2Cl2N2O5 

MOL WT. **3.*3 

PHYSICAL STATE white to off-white crystalline powder 

MELTING POINT  **8 - **0 C 

SOLUBILITY IN WATER Slightly soluble  

STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions. 

Type: Antibiotic and Antimicrobial Agents

Chloramphenicol is a relatively simple structure broad-spectrum antibiotic which is effective against rickettsiae, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and certain spirochetes by inhibiting translation on the *0S ribosomal subunit at the peptidyltransferase step (elongation inhibition). It was originally isolated from a species of streptomyces bacteria and other spirochetes later, but is produced synthetically. Because of its toxicity and side-effect, it should only be used for serious infections in which other medicines do not work; should not be used for colds, flu, other virus infections, sore throats or other minor infections, or to prevent infections. It is used especially in the treatment of typhus and other rickettsial infections and in typhoid, shigellosis, and related enteric diseases. Chloramphenicol is used in biological research of protein synthesis. It is a greenish white or yellowish white needle-like solid; slightly soluble in water and ether; soluble in alcohol; melting point ******0 C. Its chemical designation is D(-)-threo*2,*-Dichloro-N-[beta-hydroxy-alpha-(hydroxymethyl)- beta-(*-nitrophenyl)ethyl] acetamide or D-(-)-threo**-(p-nitrophenyl)**-dichloro acetamido*1,*-propanediol. 

Chloramphenicol palmitate: the palmitic ester of chloramphenicol, administered orally. 

Chloramphenicol sodium succinate: the sodium succinate derivative of chloramphenicol, administered intravenously. 

Thiamphenicol: a methylsulfonyl analog of chloramphenicol 

Florfenicol: a fluorinated analog of thiamphenicol