Description

One of important application of Activated Carbon is as catalyst Carrier and promoter, also can be directly as catalyst. As a carrier, mainly used to carry catalyst, lets catalyst load on its surface and makes it possess certain physical and chemical property, carrier itself generally does not have catalytic activity. 
Activated carbon impregnated with metal salts solution can make the catalyst load on the surface of activated carbon, activated carbons surface oxidation, acidic functional groups, electron accepting ability, free radicals, pore structure, chemical structure can affect the performance of the active component.
Activated carbon has the irregular graphite structure, in which includes traces of ash, nitrogen, sulfur, hydrogen, oxygen and so on, these ingredients can have the influence to the catalyst performance; Ash is an important indicator of support activated carbon; C-O structure on the surface of activated carbon will affect oxidizing reaction, halogenating response, adsorption performance and electricity performance.
Due to activated carbon has abundant pore structure, special electronic properties, easy to regulate surface groups, high specific surface area, strong acid-resistant, alkali-resistant and heat-resistant properties, when used as a catalyst carrier, the precursor of active component is fully dispersed. Activated carbon itself has catalytic activity, interaction with active component can affect the activity and selectivity of the catalyst, and can save the quantity of active substance. Compare with using metal alone, when activated carbon carriers trace amounts of transition metals, hydrogen shows obvious reversible adsorption phenomenon, this called overflow spillover phenomenon.
Activated carbon includes powder and granule, in the process of gas-solid reaction, all used granule activated carbon as catalyst carrier. Although activated carbons specific surface area is very high, but compare with activated alumina carrier, honeycomb ceramics carrier and molecular sieve carrier, its mechanical strength is lower. Therefore, in the production process, commonly activated carbons strength is controlled above *5%.
Precious metal catalyst includes Pd catalyst, Ru catalyst, rhodium catalyst, Pt catalyst, etc. As precious metal support, activated carbon shape can be powder, cylinder, sphere and granule.
The application of activated carbon catalyst carrier:
(1) Isomerization: Ni-Carbon catalyst can let plant oil isomerization (cottonseed oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, etc.), from non-conjugated oil into conjugated forms;
(2) Hydrogenation, dehydrogenation and dehydrogenation of aromatization, cyclization and isomerization: Pd-activated carbon catalyst or Pt-activated carbon catalyst can play this catalytic role;
(3) Low pressure polymerization of olefins: Activated carbon loads on Ni, Co or their oxide can let olefin polymerization;
(4) Synthetic fibre: In the production of vinylon, activated carbon impregnated zinc acetate can let acetylene and acetic acid synthetise vinyl acetate;
(5) Gum Rosin reprocessing: Activated carbon loads on Pd can produce hydrogenated rosin and disproportionated rosin;
(6) Synthesis of vinyl chloride: Activated carbon loads on mercuric chloride can let acetylene and hydrogen chloride synthetise vinyl chloride.